The World Maritime Axis Doctrine and Security in the Maritime Sector Case Study: Narcotics Trafficking in ALKI II Lanes
Doktrin Poros Maritim Dunia dan Keamanan di Bidang Maritim Studi Kasus: Perdagangan Narkotika di Jalur ALKI II
Abstract
Indonesia, which aspires to be a strong, independent, progressive maritime nation that contributes positively to regional and global security and peace while upholding national interests, faces significant challenges. This vision, known as the World Maritime Axis, is tested by the reality of the ALKI II route, an important waterway in central Indonesia. This route, while important for trade, is also a drug trafficking route. This research explores the impact of the Poros Maritim Dunia doctrine on drug trade and trafficking along the ALKI II route. The results show that despite the implementation of the doctrine, drug trafficking remains high. The complexity of drug networks, the vastness of the marine environment, and complicated socio-economic factors require a multi-faceted approach that combines strong law enforcement, robust international cooperation, comprehensive conservation strategies, and sustainable development initiatives. This is critical to safeguard marine life and ecosystems in the ALKI II region and beyond, and to realise the vision of the World Maritime Axis.
Downloads
References
Abdussamad, Z. (2021). Metode Penelitian Kualitatif (P. Rappanna, Ed.; 1st ed., Vol. 1). CV. Syakir Media Press.
Alam, A. S. (2009). Analisis Kebijakan Publik Sosial di Perkotaan Sebagai Sebuah Kajian Implementatif. Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan, 2(1), 81–96.
Anugrahdwi. (2023, July 24). Potensi Ekonomi Maritim Indonesia. Program Pascasarjana Univesitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara. https://pascasarjana.umsu.ac.id/potensi-ekonomi-maritim-indonesia/
Andriani, A. (2018). Saya Indonesia, Negara Maritim Jati Diri Negaraku. CV Jejak (Jejak Publisher).
Ambari, M. (2019, March 29). Seperti Apa Kebijakan Kelautan Indonesia untuk Kedaulatan Maritim? Mongabay. https://www.mongabay.co.id/2019/03/29/seperti-apa-kebijakan-kelautan-indonesia-untuk-kedaulatan-maritim/
Biro Komunikasi dan Informasi Publik. (2018, March 2). Empat Puluh Persen Jalur Perdagangan Dunia Melewati Indonesia. Kementerian Perhubungan Republik Indonesia. https://dephub.go.id/post/read/empat-puluh-persen-jalur-perdagangan-dunia-melewati-indonesia
Bichler, G., Malm, A., & Cooper, T. (2017). Drug supply networks: a systematic review of the organizational structure of illicit drug trade. Crime Science, 6, 1-23.
Bruwer, C. (2020). Smuggling and trafficking of illicit goods by sea. Global challenges in maritime security: an introduction, 49-73.
Fan, H., Huang, M., Chen, Y., Zhou, W., Hu, Y., & Wei, F. (2023). Conservation priorities for global marine biodiversity across multiple dimensions. National Science Review, 10(6), nwac241.
Fransiska, Asmin. (2022). Indonesia’s zero tolerance drug laws leave hundreds on death row. The Jakarta Post. Diakses melalui: https://www.thejakartapost.com/opinion/2022/08/31/indonesias-zero-tolerance-drug-laws-leave-hundreds-on-death-row.html
Hutagalung, S. M. (2017). Penetapan Alur Laut Kepulauan Indonesia (ALKI) : Manfaatnya dan Ancaman Bagi Keamanan Pelayaran di Wilayah Perairan Indonesia. Jurnal Asia Pacific Studies, 1(1), 75–91. http://ejournal.uki.ac.id/index.php/japs/article/view/
Hardiana, I., & Trixie, B. (2014, October 21). Menuju Indonesia Sebagai Negara Poros Maritim. Sekretariat Kabinet Republik Indonesia. https://setkab.go.id/menuju-indonesia-sebagai-negara-poros-maritim/
Jannah, R. (2020, September 23). Indonesia Sebagai Poros Maritim Dunia. Keluarga Mahasiswa Ilmu Perikanan Universitas Gadjahmada. https://kmip.faperta.ugm.ac.id/indonesia-sebagai-poros-maritim-dunia/
Kantor Komunikasi Publik. (2020, August 31). Indonesia Bisa Sejahtera dari Sektor Ekonomi Kelautan. Universitas Padjajaran. https://www.unpad.ac.id/2020/08/indonesia-bisa-sejahtera-dari-sektor-ekonomi-kelautan/
Kominfo. (2016, October 18). Menuju Poros Maritim Dunia. Kementerian Komunikasi Dan Informatika Republik Indonesia. https://www.kominfo.go.id/content/detail/8231/menuju-poros-maritim-dunia/0/kerja_nyata
Latschan, Thomas. (2015). A major drug hub. Deutsche Welle. Diakses melalui: https://www.dw.com/en/unodc-indonesia-is-a-major-drug-trafficking-hub/a-18231494
Lemhannas RI. (2022, August 25). Laut, Jalur Penting Perdagangan. Lembaga Ketahanan Nasional Republik Indonesia. https://www.lemhannas.go.id/index.php/publikasi/press-release/1693-laut-jalur-penting-perdagangan
Lemhannas RI. (2023, June 14). Menjaga Stabilitas Konektivitas Maritim Melalui Kolaborasi. Lembaga Ketahanan Nasional Republik Indonesia. https://www.lemhannas.go.id/index.php/publikasi/press-release/1939-menjaga-stabilitas-konektivitas-maritim-melalui-kolaborasi
Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (2018). Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook. sage.
Najeri, M., Syahrin, A., Muhammadiyah, U., & Timur, K. (2018). Kebijakan Poros Maritim Jokowi dan Sinergitas Strategi Ekonomi dan Keamanan Laut Indonesia. In Indonesian Perspective (Vol. 3, Issue 1).
Panrb. (2021, September 24). Presiden Jokowi: Kerja Nyata Kokohkan Identitas Indonesia Sebagai Bangsa Maritim. Kementerian Pendayagunaan Aparatur Negara Dan Reformasi Birokrasi Republik Indonesia. https://menpan.go.id/site/berita-terkini/dari-istana/presiden-jokowi-kerja-nyata-kokohkan-identitas-indonesia-sebagai-bangsa-maritim
Pratama, C. D., & Nailufar, N. N. (2020, December 25). Upaya Indonesia Menjadi Poros Maritim Dunia. Kompas. https://www.kompas.com/skola/read/2020/12/25/190408269/upaya-indonesia-menjadi-poros-maritim-dunia?page=all#google_vignette
Rachmawati, I. (2016, January 11). Buwas : Pengguna Narkoba di Indonesia Meningkat Hingga 5,9 Juta Orang. Kompas.
Rahmadani, S., Kusmanto, H., & Warijo. (2019). Strategi Cina menghadapi “Malacca Dilemma” dalam Rangka Pengamanan Jalur Energy Cina di Selat Malaka. JUPIIS: PENDIDIKAN ILMU-ILMU SOSIAL, 11(1),135. https://doi.org/10.24114/jupiis.v11i1.12680
Salleh, Asyura. (2023). Illicit Maritime Drug Trafficking as An Evolving Threat To Southeast Asia’s Maritime Security. Asia Maritime Transparency Initiative. Diakses melalui: https://amti.csis.org/illicit-maritime-drug-trafficking-as-an-evolving-threat-to-southeast-asias-maritime-security/
Setiyono, J. (2020). Integrated policy management of narcotics trafficking as transnational organized crime in Indonesia. Diponegoro Law Review, 5(2), 260-276.
Supartono, Sugiharto, S., & Adriyanto, A. (2020). Peran Instansi Kemaritiman Dalam Pencegahan Penyeludupan Narkoba di ALKI II (Studi Kasus di Selat Makassar Periode 2015-2019). Jurnal Keamanan Maritim, 6(2), 161–181. https://regional.kompas.com/read/2016/01/11/1431
UNODC. (2024). Indonesia: Counter transnational organized crime and illicit trafficking. UNODC. Diakses melalui: https://www.unodc.org/indonesia/en/issues/counter-transnational-organized-crime-and-illicit-trafficking.html
Ward, D., Melbourne-Thomas, J., Pecl, G. T., Evans, K., Green, M., McCormack, P. C., ... & Layton, C. (2022). Safeguarding marine life: conservation of biodiversity and ecosystems. Reviews in fish biology and fisheries, 32(1), 65-100.
Wong, May & Ng, Darelle. (2023). Drug smugglers in Southeast Asia have found a way past land patrols – the sea route. Channel News Asia. Diakses melalui: https://www.channelnewsasia.com/asia/drugs-smugglers-traffickers-east-southeast-asia-maritime-sea-route-crystal-meth-3544861
Copyright (c) 2024 Sri Rahmi Nilasari
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Atribusi-Non Commercial-Share Alike (CC BY-NC-SA).
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Every publication (printed/electronic) are open access for educational purposes, research, and library. Other than the aims mentioned above, the editorial board is not responsible for copyright violation.
